Until August 1971, industrialized countries around the world maintained a fixed exchange rate of their currencies with the U. S. dollar, which was linked to gold. The gold standardized system was called the Bretton Woods Fixed Exchange Rate System. This system collapsed in 1971, and since then, the dollar has not been linked to gold. Based on your understanding of the international monetary system, complete the following statements: • Aforward exchange rate is the quoted price for a unit of foreign currency to be delivered at a specified date in the future. • The government does not set afloating exchange rate, which means that supply and demand in the market determine the currency’s value. • When American customers import more from Europe than they export to Europe, the euroappreciates relative to the dollar. • Thedevaluation or revaluation of a currency refers to an increase or decrease of the stated par value of a currency whose value is fixed. • Under a floating regime, supply and demand for the currency determine the exchange rate. Currencies under such a regime are called currencies.

The unadjusted trial balance of the manufacturing equitable at december 31, 2018, the end of its fiscal year, included the following account balances. manufacturing’s 2018 financial statements were issued on april 1, 2019. accounts receivable $ 114,250 accounts payable 53,600 bank notes payable 670,000 mortgage note payable 1,270,000 other information: the bank notes, issued august 1, 2018, are due on july 31, 2019, and pay interest at a rate of 12%, payable at maturity. the mortgage note is due on march 1, 2019. interest at 11% has been paid up to december 31 (assume 11% is a realistic rate). manufacturing intended at december 31, 2018, to refinance the note on its due date with a new 10-year mortgage note. in fact, on march 1, manufacturing paid $263,000 in cash on the principal balance and refinanced the remaining $1,007,000. included in the accounts receivable balance at december 31, 2018, were two subsidiary accounts that had been overpaid and had credit balances totaling $19,650. the accounts were of two major customers who were expected to order more merchandise from manufacturing and apply the overpayments to those future purchases. on november 1, 2018, manufacturing rented a portion of its factory to a tenant for $32,400 per year, payable in advance. the payment for the 12 months ended october 31, 2019, was received as required and was credited to rent revenue. required: (1) prepare any necessary adjusting journal entries at december 31, 2018, pertaining to each item of other information (2) prepare the current and long-term liability sections of the december 31, 2018, balance sheet. balance sheet (partial) at december 31, 2018 current liabilities: total current liabilities long-term liabilities: