The city of Oak Ridge is evaluating three mutually exclusive landscaping plans for refurbishing a public greenway. Benefits to the community have been estimated by a landscaping committee, and the costs of planting trees and shrubbery, as well as maintaining the greenway, are summarized below. The city’s discount rate is 8% per year, and the planning horizon is 10 years. (10.9)

Use the B–C ratio method to recommend the best plan when annual maintenance expenses offset annual benefits in the numerator.

Repeat Part (a) when annual maintenance expenses add to total costs in the denominator. Which plan is best?

Landscaping Plan

A

B

C

Initial planting

$75,000

$50,000

$65,000

cost

Annual maintenance

4,000

5,000

4,700

expense

Annual community

20,000

18,000

20,000

benefits

Should the recommendations in Part (a) and (b) be the same? Why or why not?

crow design, inc. is a web site design and consulting firm. the firm uses a job order costing system in which each client is a different job. crow design assigns direct labor, licensing costs, and travel costs directly to each job. it allocates indirect costs to jobs based on a predetermined overhead allocation rate, computed as a percentage of direct labor costs. direct labor hours (professional) 6,250 hours direct labor costs ($1,800,000 support staff salaries ,000 computer ,000 office ,000 office ,000 in november 2012, crow design served several clients. records for two clients appear here: delicious treats mesilla chocolates direct labor 700 hours 100 hours software licensing $ 4,000 $400 travel costs 8,000 1. compute crow design’s direct labor rate and its predetermined indirect cost allocation rate for 2012. 2. compute the total cost of each job. 3. if simone wants to earn profits equal to 50% of service revenue, how much (what fee) should she charge each of these two clients? 4. why does crow design assign costs to jobs?

Stormie zanzibar owns a bakery in the fictitious country of olombia. each month the government’s market ministry mails her a large list of the regulated price of goods which include products like bread, muffins and flat bread. the list also dictates the types of goods she can sell at the bakery and what she is to charge. because of the regulations placed on these goods, stormie has increased her production of sweets, pies, cakes, croissants and buns and decreased her supply of breads, muffins and flat bread. she has taken these steps because the sweet goods’ prices are not government controlled. stormie zanzibar lives under what type of economy?

Consider a firm with a contract to sell an asset for $149,000 four years from now. the asset costs $85,000 to produce today. a. given a relevant discount rate of 14 percent per year, calculate the profit the firm will make on this asset. (a loss should be indicated by a minus sign. do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) b. at what rate does the firm just break even?