Concussions and Brain Size A recent study1 examined the relationship of football and concussions on hippocampus volume in the brain. The study included three groups with in each group: healthy controls who had never played football, football players with no history of concussions, and football players with a history of concussions. In this exercise, we test for evidence that average brain size is larger in football players who have never had a concussion (FBNoConcuss) than in football players with a history of concussions (FBConcuss). The data are in FootballBrain where the variable Hipp measures brain size as the volume of the hippocampus (in ml) for each subject. Let group be the football players with no concussion and group be the football players with a history of concussions.

Part A: Null hypothesis. H₀: M₁ = M₂

Alternative hypothesis, H₁ : M₁ > M₂

Part B: x1-x2 = 6459-5735 = 724

Part C: p-value = 0.000

Part D: No, the difference in brain size is not due to random chance

Explanation:

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c

explanation:

among other factors, composers started writing dynamic markings in their scores because "new instruments allowed for more dynamic ranges and contrast."

dynamics allude to the loudness or softness of music. dynamics offer an approach to demonstrate articulation in sheet music. they to drive the enthusiastic substance of music through volume and force. maybe you could alter both the volume and the shading profundity on your screen at the same time. we can likewise think about the force side of elements as the quality of a note. a few notes are intended to be played delicately and gently, while others are intended to be played all the more firmly.  

some dynamics markings have a letter 'm,' which remains for mezzo, signifying 'medium.' so a mezzo piano unique stamping resembles this (mp) and intends to play medium calm, while a mezzo specialty dynamic resembles this (mf) and intends to play medium loud.