B Ice Cream budgeted sales of 136,096 units of flavor C, assuming that the company would have 16 percent of 850,600 units sold in a particular market. The actual results were 126,210 units, based on a 14 percent share of a total market of 901,500 units. The budgeted contribution margin is $5.70 per unit. Required: Compute the sales activity variance, and break it down into market share variance and the industry volume variance. (Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favorable, or "U" for unfavorable. If

The cost of capital: introduction the cost of capital: introduction companies issue bonds, preferred stock, and common equity to aise capital to invest in capital budgeting projects. capital is』necessary factor of production and like any other factor, it has a cost. this cost is equal to the select the applicable security. the rates of return that investors require on bonds, preferred stocks, and common equity represent the costs of those securities to the firm. companies estimate the required returns on their securities, calculate a weighted average of the costs of their different types of capital, and use this average cost for capital budgeting purposes. required return on rate: when calculating om operations when the firm's primary financial objective is to select shareholder value. to do this, companies invest in projects that earnselect their cost of capital. so, the cost of capital is often referred to as the -select -select and accruals, which a se spontaneously we hted average cost of capital wa c our concern is with capital that must be provided by select- 쑤 interest-bearing debt preferred stock and common equity. capital budgeting projects are undertaken, are not included as part of total invested capital because they do not come directly from investors. which of the following would be included in the caculation of total invested capital? choose the response that is most correct a. notes payable b. taxes payable c retained earnings d. responses a and c would be included in the calculation of total invested capital. e. none of the above would be included in the cakulation of total invested capital.

Problem 9-5. net present value and taxes [lo 1, 2] penguin productions is evaluating a film project. the president of penguin estimates that the film will cost $20,000,000 to produce. in its first year, the film is expected to generate $16,500,000 in net revenue, after which the film will be released to video. video is expected to generate $10,000,000 in net revenue in its first year, $2,500,000 in its second year, and $1,000,000 in its third year. for tax purposes, amortization of the cost of the film will be $12,000,000 in year 1 and $8,000,000 in year 2. the company’s tax rate is 35 percent, and the company requires a 12 percent rate of return on its films. required what is the net present value of the film project? to simplify, assume that all outlays to produce the film occur at time 0. should the company produce the film?

Aprimary advantage of organizing economic activity within firms is thea. ability to coordinate highly complex tasks to allow for specialized division of labor. b. low administrative costs because of reduced bureaucracy. c. eradication of the principal-agent problem. d. high-powered incentive to work as salaried employees for an existing firm.