At the present time, Andalusian Limited (AL) has 15-year noncallable bonds with a face value of $1,000 that are outstanding. These bonds have a current market price of $1,555.38 per bond, carry a coupon rate of 11%, and distribute annual coupon payments. The company incurs a federal-plus-state tax rate of 35%. If AL wants to issue new debt, what would be a reasonable estimate for its after-tax cost of debt (rounded to two decimal places)

the answer would be voluntary exchange -

"the act of buyers and sellers freely and willingly engaging in market transactions. moreover, transactions are made in such a way that both the buyer and the seller are better off after the exchange than before it occurred."

hope this : )

-shy

1   all nations face the problem of scarcity because there are limited resources and unlimited wants. nations do not have enough factors of production to produce everything that their population wants. entrepreneurial resources initiate businesses to make new goods and services; labor resources produce goods and services.

2 there are four factors of production: natural resources, labor resources, capital resources, and entrepreneurial resources. natural resources are raw materials from nature that are used to produce goods. trees, water, and grains are natural resources. some natural resources, such as wheat and cattle, are renewable

3 wants

things that you do not need to have in order to survive, but would like to have

needs

things that you must have in order to survive

goods

physical products

services

tasks that a business perform for customers

resources

items that people can use to make or obtain what they need or want

determine

to settle or decide by choice of alternatives or possiblities

4 i really dont know

answer; a set of mutual funds with similar risk characteristics to your mutual fund;