In a tiny village, on the coast of South America, early inhabitants used sea shells, as money. Some of these shells were very beautiful and fragile. Everyone agreed that the shells were valuable and the people utilized them in much the same way we use money today. The fragility of the shells and the fact that a shell is difficult to split into smaller denominations would make these sea shells unfit to act as money today because sea shells could not act as a .

Bandar industries berhad of malaysia manufactures sporting equipment. one of the company’s products, a football helmet for the north american market, requires a special plastic. during the quarter ending june 30, the company manufactured 35,000 helmets, using 22,500 kilograms of plastic. the plastic cost the company $171,000. according to the standard cost card, each helmet should require 0.6 kilograms of plastic, at a cost of $8 per kilogram. 1. what is the standard quantity of kilograms of plastic (sq) that is allowed to make 35,000 helmets? 2. what is the standard materials cost allowed (sq x sp) to make 35,000 helmets? 3. what is the materials spending variance? 4. what is the materials price variance and the materials quantity variance?