When units produced are greater than units sold under variable costing, fixed overhead is an expense and results in(lower, higher) net income than under absorption costing.

Apharmaceutical packaging company (ppc) has decided to reorganize its processes into cells. the company has four different production operations, each requiring a unique piece of equipment. the names and functions of the four pieces of equipment are sort, count, place, and package. the company packages five different families of products (a, b, c, d, and e). the tables below indicate the demand (total units/day by product family), required operations, and operation cycle times for each product family. assume that any individual piece of equipment is available to operate 16 hours/day, but 2 hours (in total) are lost each day on each piece of equipment due to breaks and meetings when operators are not available to operate the equipment. how many minutes/day are available for production

Computing equivalent units is especially important for: (a) goods that take a relatively short time to produce, such as plastic bottles. (b) goods with sustainability implications in their production processes. (c) goods that are started and completed during the same period. (d) goods that take a long time to produce, such as airplanes.

Kirnon clinic uses client-visits as its measure of activity. during july, the clinic budgeted for 3,250 client-visits, but its actual level of activity was 3,160 client-visits. the clinic has provided the following data concerning the formulas to be used in its budgeting: fixed element per month variable element per client-visitrevenue - $ 39.10personnel expenses $ 35,100 $ 10.30medical supplies 1,100 7.10occupancy expenses 8,100 1.10administrative expenses 5,100 0.20total expenses $ 49,400 $ 18.70the activity variance for net operating income in july would be closest to: