The difference between the actual amount paid and the standard price paid to purchase an item is called a

Ateam of engineers has decided to design a new shoe for people suffering from a painful foot condition. what should the engineers do during the planning stage of their project? a. look at the trial's results to see how the design can be improved. b. build a variety of shoe models. c. have patients wear the new shoe in an experimental trial to see if symptoms improve. d. estimate how much potential consumers would be willing to pay for this new shoe.

Policymakers are provided data about the private and social benefits of a good being sold in the market. quantity private mb ($) social mb ($) 6 6 9 7 4 7 8 2 5 9 0 3 what is the size of the externality? if the externality is positive, enter a positive number. if negative, make it a negative number. $ given this data, policymakers must decide whether to address the associated externality with a subsidy or a tax. as their economic consultant, which of the two policy tools would you recommend? a subsidy a tax

Consider the following information on stocks a, b, c and their returns (in decimals) in each state: state prob. of state a b c boom 20% 0.27 0.22 0.16 good 45% 0.16 0.09 0.07 poor 25% 0.03 0 0.03 bust 10% -0.08 -0.04 -0.02 if your portfolio is invested 25% in a, 40% in b, and 35% in c, what is the standard deviation of the portfolio in percent? answer to two decimals, carry intermediate calcs. to at least four decimals.