The difference between a budget and a standard is that standards are excluded from the cost accounting system, whereas budgets are generally incorporated into the cost accounting system. a budget expresses management's plans, while a standard reflects what actually happened. a budget expresses what costs were, while a standard expresses what costs should be. a budget expresses a total amount, while a standard expresses a unit amount.

Salvador county issued $25 million of 5% demand bonds for construction of a county maintenance building. the county has no take-out agreement related to the bonds. it estimates that 20% of the bonds would be demanded (called) by the buyers if interest rates increased at least 1%. at year-end rates on comparable debt were 7%. how should these demand bonds be reported in the government-wide financial statements at year-end? a) $25 million in the long-term liability section of the governmental activities column. b) $5 million in the current liability section of the governmental activities column and $20 million in the long-term liabilities section of the governmental activities column. c) $5 million in the governmental activities column and $20 million would be reported in the schedule of changes in long-term debt obligations. d) $25 million in the current liability section of the governmental activities column

When the federal reserve buys and sells bonds to member banks, it is called a. monetary policy b. reserve ratio c. interest rate adjustment d. open market operations

Interest is credited to a fixed annuity no lower than the variable contract rate contract guaranteed rate current rate of inflation prime rate