How can managers avoid equity problems ?

In its 2016 annual report, caterpillar inc. reported the following (in millions): 2016 2015 sales $38,537 $47,011 cost of goods sold 28,309 33,546 as a percentage of sales, did caterpillar's gross profit increase or decrease during 2016? select one: a. gross profit increased from 26.8% to 28.6% b. gross profit decreased from 28.6% to 26.5% c. gross profit increased from 71.4% to 73.2% d. gross profit decreased from 73.2% to 71.4% e. there is not enough information to answer the question.

Gdonald was unhappy that his company did not provide good transport facilities. he found it very strenuous to drive to work on his own, and this eventually led to job dissatisfaction. hence, he recommended ways to solve this problem. according to the evln model, this information suggests that donald's main reaction to job dissatisfaction was:

Which of the following distribution systems offers speed and reliability when emergency supplies are needed overseas? a. railroadsb. airfreightc. truckingd. pipelinese. waterways