A decrease in consumer spending can be expected to shift the aggregate demand curve . a. upward and cause output to rise
b. upward and cause output to decline
c. downward and cause output to rise
d. downward and cause output to decrease
e supply of the Canadian dollar in the foreign exchange market rises.

d. downward and cause output to decrease

Explanation:

As we know that

Aggregate demand = Consumption expenditure + government expenditure + net export

Where,

Net export = Export - import

In the case when there is a reduction in the consumer spending so it would be expected that the aggregate demand curve would be shifted to the downward due to which it results in reduction in output

Therefore the option d is correct

the correct answer is d. wealthy colonists to take care of the less fortunate. hope this

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