The government wants to tax the price of apples (X1) by a per-unit tax. If it wants to study the substitution effect of this tax, it should compensate for the utility change by a. Increasing the price of oranges (X2 ) b. Decreasing the price of oranges c. Imposing a Lump-sum tax d. Providing a Lump-sum subsidy

Suppose a firm faces a fixed price of output, 푝푝= 1200. the firm hires workers from a union at a daily wage, 푤푤, to produce output according to the production function 푞푞= 2퐸퐸12. there are 225 workers in the union. any union worker who does not work for this firm is guaranteed to find nonunion employment at a wage of $96 per day. a.what is the firm’s labor demand function? b.if the firm is allowed to choose 푤푤, but then the union decides how many workers to provide (up to 225) at that wage, what wage will the firm set? how many workers will the union provide? what is the firm’s output and profit? what is the total income of the 225 union workers? c.now suppose that the union sets the wage, but the firm decides how many workers to hire at that wage (up to 225). what wage will the union set to maximize the total income of all 225 workers? how many workers will the firm hire? what is the firm’s output and profit? what is the total income of the 225 union workers? [hint: to maximize total income of union, take the first order condition with respect to w and set equal to 0.]

In year 1, the bennetts' 25-year-old daughter, jane, is a full-time student at an out-of-state university but she plans to return home after the school year ends. in previous years, jane has never worked and her parents have always been able to claim her as a dependent. in year 1, a kind neighbor offers to pay for all of jane's educational and living expenses. which of the following statements is most accurate regarding whether jane's parents would be allowed to claim an exemption for jane in year 1 assuming the neighbor pays for all of jane's support? a.no, jane must include her neighbor's gift as income and thus fails the gross income test for a qualifying relative.b.yes, because she is a full-time student and does not provide more than half of her own support, jane is considered her parent's qualifying child.c.no, jane is too old to be considered a qualifying child and fails the support test of a qualifying relative.d.yes, because she is a student, her absence is considered as "temporary." consequently she meets the residence test and is a considered a qualifying child of the bennetts.

1. which one of the following would be an example of a supply-side market failure? a. a gas station is slowly leaking diesel fuel from its underground tanks, and after the leak is discovered, the business immediately cleans up the pollution at its own expense. b. a gas station is slowly leaking diesel fuel from its underground tanks, but the state uses taxpayer money to clean up the pollution rather than requiring the business to pay. c. your business wants to attract repeat customers by putting on a customer-appreciation picnic at a public park, but you decide not to because you couldn't prevent noncustomers from consuming the food and entertainment you provided. d. everyone rushes to the local retail outlet at midnight on the day of the release of a new video game console, and the store runs out before everyone is able to buy one.