Penguin Island produces two goods: ice and genetically engineered fish. Due to recent technological advances, its economy has experienced growth in both ice and fish production. Show this growth in relation to the production possibilities frontier (PPF). Which of the following economic activities have led to an increase in the standard of living worldwide over the last century?

a. investments in education and infrastructure
b. increases in international trade
c. increases in farm productivity
d. increases in technology

The PPF would shift from PPF1 to PPF2 due to technological advancement.  

All the given factors have greatly led to an increase in the standard of living worldwide over the last century.

PPF is used to graphically present the resources used by the economy for the production of two goods with the technology present in the nation.

Hence, with an increase in technology for both goods, PPF would shift rightwards demonstrating the improvement in production techniques in the economy.

The economies globally have widely contributed to education and infrastructure, which increased employment and higher pay opportunities to people for improving their living standards.

The enhancement in technology also provided various options for international trade and agricultural productivity, which again added to a higher standard of living.

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1. Point on x-axis will increase and so will the point on the y-axis

2. All of the above

Explanation:

1. The Production Possibilities Frontier shows the amount of resources needed to produce different quantities of two goods. It therefore allows one to see the trade-off in resources for producing more of one good vs the other.

When a factor of production leads to more efficiency in the production of a good, the frontier will increase. In this scenario, there has been a growth in technology which means that more of both goods can be produced. This will increase the PPF on both axis. (Refer to attached file).

2. All of the listed options have led to increases in the standard of living in the last century. More education means people can get better jobs and build more infrastructure. International trade has increased market access and increased wealth. Farm productivity is better so more people can be fed and improvement in technology is the main driver for growth.

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