For each hypothetical scenario, indicate whether the tariff described is more likely a protective tariff or a revenue tariff. a. In response to concerns from business leaders, a legislator has designed a new tariff on raw materials used by many manufacturing firms. The legislator felt the new tariff was necessary based on input from the private sector that new discoveries of natural resources abroad would threaten to put domestic producers of raw materials Out Of business. To meet this goal, this tariff will charge $2,000 on every crate Of the imported goods plus an additional 5% of the total value of the imported goods.
b. In an effort to balance next year's budget, a senator has proposed a new tariff. She proposed the new tariff with a goal Of raising a total of $100 million, To meet this goal, this tariff will charge $2,000 on every ton that is imported.

Afirm's before-tax cost of debt, rd, is the interest rate that the firm must pay on debt. because interest is tax deductible, the relevant cost of debt used to calculate a firm's wacc is the cost of debt, rd (1 – t). the cost of debt is used in calculating the wacc because we are interested in maximizing the value of the firm's stock, and the stock price depends on cash flows. it is important to emphasize that the cost of debt is the interest rate on debt, not debt because our primary concern with the cost of capital is its use in capital budgeting decisions. the rate at which the firm has borrowed in the past is because we need to know the cost of capital. for these reasons, the on outstanding debt (which reflects current market conditions) is a better measure of the cost of debt than the . the on the company's -term debt is generally used to calculate the cost of debt because more often than not, the capital is being raised to fund -term projects. quantitative problem: 5 years ago, barton industries issued 25-year noncallable, semiannual bonds with a $1,600 face value and a 8% coupon, semiannual payment ($64 payment every 6 months). the bonds currently sell for $845.87. if the firm's marginal tax rate is 40%, what is the firm's after-tax cost of debt? round your answer to 2 decimal places. do not round intermediate calcu

The common stock and debt of northern sludge are valued at $65 million and $35 million, respectively. investors currently require a return of 15.9% on the common stock and a return of 7.8% on the debt. if northern sludge issues an additional $14 million of common stock and uses this money to retire debt, what happens to the expected return on the stock? assume that the change in capital structure does not affect the interest rate on northern’s debt and that there are no taxes.

You are the cfo of a u.s. firm whose wholly owned subsidiary in mexico manufactures component parts for your u.s. assembly operations. the subsidiary has been financed by bank borrowings in the united states. one of your analysts told you that the mexican peso is expected to depreciate by 30 percent against the dollar on the foreign exchange markets over the next year. what actions, if any, should you take