A researcher is studying the relationship between sugar consumption and weight gain. Twelve volunteers were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The first group of five participants was put on a diet low in sugar and the second group of the remaining seven participants received 10% of their calories from sugar. After 8 weeks, weight gain was recorded from each participant. (a) What type of study is this? i. An observational study.
ii. An experiment, but not a double-blind experiment. iii. A double-blind experiment.
iv. A matched-pairs experiment.
(b) Which of the following basic principles of statistical design was not used in this experiment?
i. Control
ii. Randomization
iii. Repetition iv. Blinding
(c) Each of the 12 volunteers receives a label: 01 through 12. Use the list of random digits below to determine the labels of the first five participants selected who were put on a low-sugar diet. Start at the beginning of the list and use double-digit labels.
81507; 27102; 56027; 55892; 33063; 41842; 81868; 71035; 09001; 23367; 49497