Gilberto's profit is maximized when he produces shirts. When he does this, the marginal cost of the last shirt he produces is $ , which is than the price Gilberto receives for each shirt he sells. The marginal cost of producing an additional shirt (that is, one more shirt than would maximize his profit) is $ , which is than the price Gilberto receives for each shirt he sells. Therefore, Gilberto's profit-maximizing quantity corresponds to the intersection of the curves. Because Gilberto is a price taker, this last condition can also be written as P=MC .

Two firms, a and b, each currently emit 100 tons of chemicals into the air. the government has decided to reduce the pollution and from now on will require a pollution permit for each ton of pollution emitted into the air. the government gives each firm 40 pollution permits, which it can either use or sell to the other firm. it costs firm a $200 for each ton of pollution that it eliminates before it is emitted into the air, and it costs firm b $100 for each ton of pollution that it eliminates before it is emitted into the air. after the two firms buy or sell pollution permits from each other, we would expect that firm a will emit a. 100 fewer tons of pollution into the air, and firm b will emit 20 fewer tons of pollution into the air. b. 20 more tons of pollution into the air, and firm b will emit 100 fewer tons of pollution into the air. c. 50 fewer tons of pollution into the air, and firm b will emit 50 fewer tons of pollution into the air. d. 20 fewer tons of pollution into the air, and firm b will emit 100 fewer tons of pollution into the air.