Involves a type of quantitative research that systematically manipulates one or more variables to determine which variables have a causal effect on other variables.

Highland company produces a lightweight backpack that is popular with college students. standard variable costs relating to a single backpack are given below

Consider an economy where government expenditures are 10 and total tax revenues are 10. the supply of labor is fixed at 125 and the supply of capital is fixed at 8. the economy is described by the following equations. y k to the power of 1 divided by 3 end exponent l to the power of 2 divided by 3 end exponent c 2.5 + 0.75 ( y - t ) i 10 - 0.5 r the level of private savings is

When cell phones were first entering the market, they were relatively large and reception was undependable. all cell phones were essentially the same. but as the technology developed, many competitors entered, introducing features unique to their phones. today, cell phones are only a small fraction of the size and weight of their predecessors. consumers can buy cell phones with color screens, cameras, internet access, daily planners, or voice activation (and any combination of these features). the history of the cell phone demonstrates what marketing trend?