In uncertain economic times, what serves as a way of preserving economic value that can be spent or consumed in the future?

Owning gold is a way of maintaining economic value that can be disburse or consumed in the future. Gold is a chemical element with a symbol “Au’.It is bright, reddish yellow and flexible metal. Gold is one of nature minerals in the planet. 

muslims control the north africa during the period of 1500 up

to 1800. they made a barrier to prevent further european exploration from

entering the africa from the north. however, the dutch ware still able to move

toward the interior with having south africa as one of the routes leading to

the east for trading with asia.

answertaxable income;