Cities in the United States and Canada experience many forces that change the form and character of metropolitan areas. Sometimes the changes are viewed as positive, and sometimes the changes may be seen as negative. Describe an economic force that encourages people to move into metropolitan areas. Explain ONE reason why suburbanization occurs in the United States and Canada. Explain ONE reason why gentrification occurs in the United States and Canada.

In the U.s.a., gentrification is generally linked with an infusion of significantly higher migrants into traditionally divested districts with longstanding, operating people typically leading to rises in property values and new construction investment.

Gentrification in Canada is linked to a decrease in the supply of cheap rental housing, the relocation of the lower classes from their historic communities and the transformation of inner-city communities from production to consuming venues for the middleclass.

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a manufacturer of printed circuit boards uses exponential smoothing with trend to forecast monthly demand of its product. at the end of december, the company wishes to forecast sales for january. the estimate of trend through november has been 200 additional boards sold per month. average sales have been around 1000 units per month. the demand for december was 1100 units. the company uses α = 0.20 and β = 0.10. make a forecast including trend for the month of january.