Onslow Co. purchases a used machine for $178,000 cash on January 2 and readies it for use the next day at a $2,840 cost. On January 3, it is installed on a required operating platform costing $1,160, and it is further readied for operations. The company predicts the machine will be used for six years and have a $14,000 salvage value. Depreciation is to be charged on a straight-line basis. On December 31, at the end of its fifth year in operations, it is disposed of. Required:
1. Prepare journal entries to record the machine’s purchase and the costs to ready and install it.
Cash is paid for all costs incurred.
2. Prepare journal entries to record depreciation of the machine at December 31 of (a) its first year in operations and (b) the year of its disposal.
Prepare journal entries to record the machine’s disposal under each of the following separate assumptions: (a) it is sold for $15,000 cash; (b) it is sold for $50,000 cash; and (c) it is destroyed in a fire and the insurance company pays $30,000 cash to settle the loss claim.

Onslow Co.

Journal Entries:

1. Jan. 2: Debit Equipment $178,000

Credit Cash $178,000

To record the cash payment for equipment purchase.

2. Jan. 3: Debit Equipment $4,000

Credit Cash $4,000

To record the cash payment for readying the equipment for use.

3. Dec. 31: Debit Depreciation Expense $28,000

Credit Accumulated Depreciation $28,000

To record depreciation expense for the first year.

4. Dec. 31, Year 5: Debit Equipment Disposal$178,000

Credit Equipment $178,000

To transfer the equipment account to the Equipment Disposal account.

Debit Accumulated Depreciation $140,000

Credit Equipment Disposal $140,000

To transfer accumulated depreciation to the Equipment Disposal account.

a) Debit Cash $15,000

Credit Equipment Disposal $15,000

To record the cash proceeds from sale of equipment.

Debit Loss on Sale of Equipment $23,000

Credit Equipment Disposal $23,000

To record the loss on Equipment Disposal.

b) Debit Cash $50,000

Credit Equipment Disposal $50,000

To record the cash proceeds from sale of equipment.

Debit Sale of Equipment $12,000

Credit Gain on Sale of Equipment $12,000

To record the gain on Equipment Disposal.

c) Debit Cash $30,000

Credit Equipment Disposal $30,000

To record the cash proceeds from insurance company.

Debit Loss on Disposal $8,000

Credit Equipment Disposal $8,000

To record the loss on Equipment Disposal.

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

January 2: Cost of used machine = $178,000

January 3: Readying costs = $4,000 ($2,840 + $1,160)

Estimated useful life = 6 years

Estimated salvage value = $14,000

Depreciable amount = $168,000 ($182,000 - $14,000)

Depreciation method = straight-line method

Annual depreciation expense = $28,000 ($168,000/6)

Accumulated depreciation at December 31, Year 5 = $140,000 ($28,000*5)

Disposal date = December 31, Year 5

Journal Entries Analysis:

1. Jan. 2: Equipment $178,000 Cash $178,000

2. Jan. 3: Equipment $4,000 Cash $4,000

3. Dec. 31: Depreciation Expense $28,000 Accumulated Depreciation $28,000

4. Dec. 31, Year 5: Equipment Disposal $178,000 Equipment $178,000

Accumulated Depreciation $140,000 Equipment Disposal $140,000

a) Cash $15,000 Equipment Disposal $15,000

Loss on Sale of Equipment $23,000 Equipment Disposal $23,000

b) Cash $50,000 Equipment Disposal $50,000

Equipment Disposal $12,000 Gain on Sale of Equipment $12,000

c) Cash $30,000 Equipment Disposal $30,000

Loss on Disposal $8,000 Equipment Disposal $8,000

answer/// equals both average variable cost and average total cost at their respective minimums;