Del Monty will receive the following payments at the end of the next three years: $8,000, $11,000, and $13,000. Then from the end of the 4th year through the end of the 10th year, he will receive an annuity of $14,000 per year. At a discount rate of 12 percent, what is the present value of all three future benefits

You are the manager of a large crude-oil refinery. as part of the refining process, a certain heat exchanger (operated at high temperatures and with abrasive material flowing through it) must be replaced every year. the replacement and downtime cost in the first year is $165 comma 000. this cost is expected to increase due to inflation at a rate of 7% per year for six years (i.e. until the eoy 7), at which time this particular heat exchanger will no longer be needed. if the company's cost of capital is 15% per year, how much could you afford to spend for a higher quality heat exchanger so that these annual replacement and downtime costs could be eliminated?