Suppose that r = required reserve ratio = 0.20 c = {C/D} = currency ratio = 0.45 e = {ER/D} = excess reserves ratio = 0.01 t = {T/D} = time deposit ratio = 1 mm = {MM/D} = money market fund ratio = 0.70 MB = the monetary base = $1,000 billion 1 + C + + mm Given that the formula for the M2 money multiplier is m, = - -, find the value for the M2 money supply. "2 r + e + C The M2 money supply is $ billion. (Round your response to the nearest whole number.) Use the M2 money multiplier to find the new value for the money supply if open market operations increase the monetary base by $100 billion. The M2 money supply is now $ billion. (Round your response to the nearest whole number.)

cognitive overload: having a lot on your mind impairs decision-making and tends to result in the simplest, but not necessarily best, option being selected.

empathy gaps: overlooking how you might feel in a different situation can result in unnecessary purchases, such as overbuying when shopping for food on an empty stomach.

optimism and overconfidence: wearing rose-tinted glasses and having unrealistic expectations about the future can affect money management and leave you unprepared for a change in circumstance.

instant gratification: seeking instant gratification drives impulsive spending and can undermine long-term planning and savings.

harmful habits: automatic or mindless behaviour can amplify a poor financial decision as it becomes a recurring event.

social norms: we are heavily influenced by the actions of others; while this can be in certain circumstances, it also contributes to the pressure to keep up with the joneses through conspicuous consumption.

answer; exemplars;

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