For each of the following independent transactions a through d, prepare the necessary journal entry: (a) Declared a $0.40 per share cash dividend on 200,000 shares of preferred stock outstanding.

(b) Declared and distributed a 12% stock dividend on 800,000 shares of $5 par value common stock outstanding. Market price per common share on this date was $25.

(c) Declared and distributed a 2-for-1 stock split on 500,000 shares of $10 par value common stock outstanding.

(d) Declared and distributed a 30% stock dividend on 400,000 common shares of $5 par value common stock outstanding. Market price per common share on this date was $20.

At the beginning of the accounting period, nutrition incorporated estimated that total fixed overhead cost would be $50,600 and that sales volume would be 10,000 units. at the end of the accounting period actual fixed overhead was $56,100 and actual sales volume was 11,000 units. nutrition uses a predetermined overhead rate and a cost plus pricing model to establish its sales price. based on this information the overhead spending variance is multiple choice $5,500 favorable. $440 favorable. $5,500 unfavorable. $440 unfavorable.

Consider how health insurance affects the quantity of health care services performed. suppose that the typical medical procedure has a cost of $160, yet a person with health insurance pays only $40 out of pocket. her insurance company pays the remaining $120. (the insurance company recoups the $120 through premiums, but the premium a person pays does not depend on how many procedures that person chooses to undergo.) consider the following demand curve in the market for medical care. use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the quantity of procedures demanded if each procedure has a price of $160. then use the grey point (star symbol) to indicate the quantity of procedures demanded if each procedure has a price of $40. q d at p=$160 q d at p=$40 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 price of medical procedures quantity of medical procedures demand if the cost of each procedure to society is truly $160, the quantity that maximizes total surplus is procedures. economists often blame the health insurance system for excessive use of medical care. given your analysis, the use of care might be viewed as excessive because consumers get procedures whose value is than the cost of producing them.

Suppose you win a small lottery and have the choice of two ways to be paid: you can accept the money in a lump sum or in a series of payments over time. if you pick the lump sum, you get $2,950 today. if you pick payments over time, you get three payments: $1,000 today, $1,000 1 year from today, and $1,000 2 years from today. 1) at an interest rate of 6% per year, the winner would be better off accepting the (lump sum / payments over time), since it has the greater present value. 2) at an interest rate of 9% per year, the winner would be better off accepting the (lump sum / payments over time), since it has the greater present value. 3) years after you win the lottery, a friend in another country calls to ask your advice. by wild coincidence, she has just won another lottery with the same payout schemes. she must make a quick decision about whether to collect her money under the lump sum or the payments over time. what is the best advice to give your friend? a) the lump sum is always better. b) the payments over time are always better. c) it will depend on the interest rate; advise her to get a calculator. d) none of these answers is good advice.