Reasons for unequal distribution of income in developing countries​

Reliability and validity reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. in the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways. unfortunately, being consistent in measurement does not necessarily mean that you have measured something correctly. to illustrate this concept, consider a kitchen scale that would be used to measure the weight of cereal that you eat in the morning. if the scale is not properly calibrated, it may consistently under- or overestimate the amount of cereal that’s being measured. while the scale is highly reliable in producing consistent results (e.g., the same amount of cereal poured onto the scale produces the same reading each time), those results are incorrect. this is where validity comes into play. validity refers to the extent to which a given instrument or tool accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure. while any valid measure is by necessity reliable, the reverse is not necessarily true. researchers strive to use instruments that are both highly reliable and valid.

Gulliver travel agencies thinks interest rates in europe are low. the firm borrows euros at 5 percent for one year. during this time period the dollar falls 11 percent against the euro. what is the effective interest rate on the loan for one year? (consider the 11 percent fall in the value of the dollar as well as the interest payment.)

Identify whether the statements are true or false by dragging and dropping the appropriate term into the bin provided. long-run economic growth is unlikely to be sustainable because of finite natural resources. in the modern economy, countries that possess few domestic natural resources essentially have no chance to develop economically. finding alternatives to natural resources will be very important to long-term economic growth. in the modern economy, human and physical capital are generally less important in productivity than natural resources. in the 19th century, countries with the highest per capita gdp were nearly always abundant in minerals and productive farming land.