The is designed to account for cases in which the action or outcome is desired but not certain, and reflects the consumer's attempts to consume, whether or not they are successful.

Economic analysis indicates that it will be politically more attractive to a. enact expansionary fiscal policy during a recession than to enact restrictive fiscal policy during an economic expansion. b. enact expansionary fiscal policy during an economic expansion than to enact restrictive fiscal policy during a recession. c. enact restrictive fiscal policy during an economic expansion than to enact expansionary fiscal policy during a recession. d. raise taxes than to increase spending.