Unwritten or unspoken understandings through which firms collude to restrict competition are called:

Acustomer has come to your department with an urgent question. you promised her that you would collect information about her question and answer it by noon. it will take you at least 20 minutes to gather the information needed to provide an answer. it is now 11: 50 a.m. your supervisor just scheduled a 30-minute meeting to start at noon. this meeting is for all employees in your department. you decide to:

Barney corporation recognized a $100 million preferred stock balance on 12/31/2019. on january 1, 2020, barney issued $10 million in preferred dividends. on the same date, barney raised an additional $20 million via a new issuance of preferred stock. on december 31, 2020, the market value of the original amount of preferred shares rose $5 million. under us gaap, the 12/31/2020 year ending preferred stock balance is:

Bob, an employee at machina corp., is well known among his colleagues because of his temper and impatience. during a heated argument with one of his supervisors, he reacts with hostility. bob's manager calls him in for a discussion and listens to what he has to say about the incident, while treating him with dignity and respect. this scenario can be best categorized as one that used