19.Dog Gone Good Engines has a bond issue outstanding with 17 years to maturity. These bonds have a $1,000 face value, a 9 percent coupon, and pay interest semi-annually. The bonds are currently quoted at 87 percent of face value. What is the company's pre-tax cost of debt if the tax rate is 38 percent?

Magic realm, inc., has developed a new fantasy board game. the company sold 15,000 games last year at a selling price of $20 per game. fixed expenses associated with the game total $182,000 per year, and variable expenses are $6 per game. production of the game is entrusted to a printing contractor. variable expenses consist mostly of payments to this contractor.required: 1-a. prepare a contribution format income statement for the game last year.1-b. compute the degree of operating leverage.2. management is confident that the company can sell 58,880 games next year (an increase of 12,880 games, or 28%, over last year). given this assumption: a. what is the expected percentage increase in net operating income for next year? b. what is the expected amount of net operating income for next year? (do not prepare an income statement; use the degree of operating leverage to compute your answer.)