One of the historical trading abuses in the mutual fund industry was allowing selected investors to rapidly trade in and out of a mutual fund in order to profit on stale prices. This practice is called:

Which of the following best describes the economic effect that results from the government having a budget surplus? a. consumers save more and spend less, enabling long-term financial planning. b. overall demand decreases, reducing the incentive for producers to increase production. c. banks have more deposits, enabling them to make more loans to investors. d. government spending increases, increasing competition for goods and services and driving prices up.