An annuity-due has annual payments that start at 1 and increase by annual amounts of 1 to a payment of 5, then decrease by annual amounts of 1 to a final payment of 1. Interest is at annual rate i i. Find an expression for the present value of this annuity.

Casey communications recently issued new common stock and used the proceeds to pay off some of its short-term notes payable. this action had no effect on the company's total assets or operating income. which of the following effects would occur as a result of this action? a. the company's current ratio increased.b. the company's times interest earned ratio decreased.c. the company's basic earning power ratio increased.d. the company's equity multiplier increased.e. the company's debt ratio increased.