Steven would like to refinance his second mortgage and obtain an additional $5,000 to replace his roof. His house appraises for $90,000. His first mortgage is $37,000 and his second is currently $7,200. What combined loan-to-value (CLTV) does Steven need in order to reach his goals if the closing costs are $2,200?

David paid $975,000 for two beachfront lots in coastal south carolina, with the intention of building residential homes on each. two years later, the south carolina legislature passed the beachfront management act, barring any further development of the coast, including david's lots. when david files a complaint to seek compensation for his property, south carolina refuses, pointing to a passage in david's own complaint that states "the beachfront management act [was] properly and validly designed to south carolina's " is south carolina required to compensate david under the takings clause?