When sam describes modeling the inputs and outputs of an is and understanding how they relate to other systems, she is describing?

When an interest-bearing note comes due and is uncollectible, the journal entry includes debiting

The management of a supermarket wants to adopt a new promotional policy of giving a free gift to every customer who spends > a certain amount per visit at this supermarket. the expectation of the management is that after this promotional policy is advertised, the expenditures for all customers at this supermarket will be normally distributed with a mean of $95 and a standard deviation of $20. if the management wants to give free gifts to at most 10% of the customers, what should the amount be above which a customer would receive a free gift?

Afarmer is an example of what kind of producer?