Afirm is likely to have a competitive advantage when it performs at a level similar to the other firms in the industry. provides goods similar to those of its competitors, but at a higher price. provides services that consumers will value more than those of its rivals. minimizes the difference between value creation and the costs involved.

Dr. sperry, a biologist, is using excel to track growth rates of different populations of bacteria. she has a very complex formula in one cell. it begins with “round”. dr. sperry would like to see exactly how excel’s calculation reached the final rounded value that she sees in the cell. what could dr. sperry do to best understand how the calculation was made? try different formulas on her own until she reaches the value shown in excel click on the evaluate formula button in the formulas tab and then click “step in” select the cell and then look at the formula in the formula field of the ribbon remove “round” from the formula in order to see the actual value before rounding