What term describes laws aimed at promoting competition among firms?

Modern firms increasingly rely on other firms to supply goods and services instead of doing these tasks themselves. this increased level of is leading to increased emphasis on management.

You are the manager of a large crude-oil refinery. as part of the refining process, a certain heat exchanger (operated at high temperatures and with abrasive material flowing through it) must be replaced every year. the replacement and downtime cost in the first year is $165 comma 000. this cost is expected to increase due to inflation at a rate of 7% per year for six years (i.e. until the eoy 7), at which time this particular heat exchanger will no longer be needed. if the company's cost of capital is 15% per year, how much could you afford to spend for a higher quality heat exchanger so that these annual replacement and downtime costs could be eliminated?

The following table gives the map coordinates and the shipping loads for a set of cities that we wish to connect through a central hub.,(7,(4,(7,(6,(2,( 2,) for the location of the proposed new central hub, the coordinates should be near: x==) if the shipments from city a double, for the location of the proposed new central hub, the coordinates should be near: x==.926.865.017.21