Given 8.25 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100% yield?

              10.87 g of Ethyl Butyrate

Solution:

The Balance Chemical Equation is as follow,

   H₃C-CH₂-CH₂-COOH + H₃C-CH₂-OH  →  H₃C-CH₂-CH₂-COO-CH₂-CH₃ + H₂O

According to equation,

    88.11 g (1 mol) Butanoic Acid produces  =  116.16 g (1 mol) Ethyl Butyrate

So,

           8.25 g Butanoic Acid will produce  =  X g of Ethyl Butyrate

Solving for X,

                      X =  (8.25 g × 116.16 g) ÷ 88.11 g

                      X =  10.87 g of Ethyl Butyrate

substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon:

- the single bond remains single. a is wrong.

- the bond with hydrogen is as strong as with a halogen. c is wrong

- a hydrocarbon is saturated if there is no double bond. we do not know that so d is wrong.

- carbon will always have four valence electrons. e is wrong.

by elimination, the correct answer is b. the boiling point of the new compound increases.