Calcium chloride is used to melt ice and snow on roads and sidewalks and to remove water from organic liquids. calculate the molarity of a solution prepared by diluting 165 ml of 0.688 m calcium chloride to 925.0 ml.

Answer is: molarity of calcium chloride is 0.123 M.

V₁(CaCl₂) = 165 mL; initial volume of calcium chloride solution.

c₁(CaCl₂) = 0.688 M; initial concentration.

V₂(CaCl₂) = 925.0 mL; final volume.

c₂(CaCl₂) = ?; final concentration.

Use c₁V₁ = c₂V₂.

0.688 M · 165 mL = c₂(CaCl₂) · 925 mL.

c₂(CaCl₂) = (0.688 M · 165 mL) ÷ 925 mL.

c₂(CaCl₂) = 0.123 M.

sodium (na), for example, has one electron in its valence shell. this is an unstable state because that valence shell needs eight electrons to be full. in order to fill its valence shell, find a way to add seven electrons to its valence shell