How do the major and minor scale divisions relate the precision of measurements taken with a metric ruler or graduated cylinder?

Major scale and minor scale both relate the precision of measurements with more true value of measurement.

Explanation:

Major scale in a measuring device is maximum unit value on the scale that can be measured.

Minor scale in a measuring device is a least unit value on the scale that can be measured.

In a metric ruler major scale is 1 cm and minor scale is 0.1 mm which means one can measure accurate value up-to one decimal point and in 10 ml of graduated cylinder major scale division is 1 ml minor scale division is 0.01.