When a kettle is placed on the stove and water begins to boil, the hotter water at the bottom begins to rise and the cooler water above it begins to sink. what do we know about the relationship between the hotter water and the cooler water?

The hotter water is less dense and rises. The cooler water then sinks because it is more dense.

a force of 500                  

if the concentration of products is decreased, the equilibrium will shift toward the products). add an inert gas (one that is not involved in the reaction) to the constant-volume reaction mixture: this will increase the total pressure of the system, but will have no effect on the equilibrium condition.

explanation: