How does the equilibrium change to counter the removal of a in this reaction? a + b ⇌ ab

 To counter the removal of A  the  equilibrium  change by shifting toward the left

         explanation

If the  reaction  is at equilibrium  and we   alter  the condition a new equilibrium  state   is created

  The  removal  of   A led to the shift of equilibrium  toward the left since  it led to  less  molecules  in reactant side  which favor the backward  reaction.(  equilibrium  shift to the left)

For Plato users :

The equilibrium SHIFTS LEFT. Simultaneously, there’s an increase in the REVERSE reaction.

he uptake of drugs from the intestine is often strongly influenced by diffusion. for example, consider a water-insoluble steroid for treating inflammation that is solubilized in aggregates of detergent molecules, called micelles. these micelles, aggregates of 80 soap molecules, have a molecular weight of 24,000, a diameter of 2.6 nm, and a charge of -27. the positively charge ions (counterions) in this system are na".

b) nuclear ive learned that in a pedtrodic table