What diagram represents electrons violating the pauli exclusion principle

b) violates the Aufbau principle, because the 1s orbital is missing an electron. There should not be electrons in 2s until 1s is filled! c) violates the Pauli Exclusion Principle since both electrons in the 1s orbital are "spin up". This means that both have the same ms and so they have the same four quantum numbers.

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altitude, density, pressure

air gets less dense the higher the altitude and also the air pressure is less as altitude rises.

c, liquids evaporate, creating a gas