Explain the purpose of heating a mixture under reflux for one hour

To address this, heating under re-flux is used. This refers to heating a solution with an attached condenser to prevent reagents from escaping. When dealing with organic reactions, heating under re-flux is often required, such as the oxidation of Toluene using acidified KMnO4 and dilute H2SO4 to Benzoic acid(C6H6O2). purpose is allows for liquid to boil and condense, with the condensed liquid returning to the original flask. A re-flux setup is analogous to a distillation, with the main difference being the vertical placement of the condenser. The liquid remains at the boiling point of the solvent (or solution) during active re-flux.

number of molecules / avogadro's number * molecule molecular = mass

explanation:

we define a gram-molecular weight as the mass of one mole of any element or compound. a mole contains avogadro's number of units (molecules) –  

6.022

x

10

23

. so, dividing the number of molecules by avogadro's number gives us the number of moles. multiplying that by the molecular weight gives us the mass. from the periodic table we find the gram-molecular weight of u to be238 and of f to be19. so,  

u

f

6

will have a gram-molecular weight of 352g.