Aconcept map for four types of intermolecular forces and a certain type of bond is shown.

which of the following correctly identifies the intermolecular force represented by d and compares its strength relative to the intermolecular force represented by c?

a. d represents ion-dipole forces, which are weaker than the force represented by c.
b. d represents hydrogen bonding, which is weaker than the force represented by c.
c. d represents ion-dipole forces, which are stronger than the force represented by c.
d. d represents hydrogen bonding, which is stronger than the force represented by c.

c. D represents ion-dipole forces, which are stronger than the force represented by C.

Explanation:

From the map:

D represents ion-dipole forces.

C represents H-bonding forces.

Ion dipole forces are the forces between a charged ion and polar molecule and it is electrostatic in nature.

Hydrogen bonding is a special case of dipole-dipole forces and it is present when there is a H=atom bonded to an electronegative atom such as: N, O, and F.

Ion dipole forces is stronger than that of H-bonding.

so, the right choice is:

c. D represents ion-dipole forces, which are stronger than the force represented by C.

The answer is C: D represents ion-dipole forces, which are stronger than the force represented by C.

Explanation:

alkaline metals are lithium, sodium, rubidium, potassium, cesium and francium.

alkali metals have electronegativity from 0.7 to 1, lowest in periodic table of elements, which means that alkali metals (i group in periodic table) has positive oxidation number in compounds.

electronegativity is a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself.

alkaline metals (far left in main group) have lowest ionizations energy and easy remove valence electrons,

for example, potassium is the alkali metal and has a single valence electron in the outer electron shell.

electron configuration of potassium is: ₁₉k 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s¹.

they can not exist alone in nature, because they are very reactive.