Which term refers to the movement of materials through a cell membrane without using the cells energy

Answer;

Passive transport

Explanation;The movement of materials across the cell membrane without using cellular energy is called passive transport. On the other hand the energy-requiring movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration is called the active transport.It includes processes such as osmosis. diffusion and facilitated diffusion.Diffusion is the movement of dissolved molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration.Facilitated diffusion is a type of diffusion of molecules assisted by protein channels that pierce a cell membrane.

They carry out the exchange of gases as we breathe ( oxygen and carbon dioxide).

c. electrical charges of ionic bonds.

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