The third ionization energy of bromine is the energy required for which of the following processes?

br(g) ? br+(g) + e?
br+(g) ? br2+(g) + e?
br(g) ? br2+(g) + 2e?
br(g) ? br3+(g) + 3e?
br2+(g) ? br3+(g) + e?

Explanation:

1) The first ionization energy is the energy required to release an electron from a gas neutral atom.

Hence, this is the energy required for this process:

2) The second ionization energy is the energy required to release an electron from a gas ion with charge 1+.

Hence, this is the energy required for this process:

3) The third ionization energy is the energy required to release an electron from a gas ion with charge +2.

Hence, this is the energy required for this process:

d.) the average kinetic energy of the gas particles is greater in container b because its particles move faster.

the number of valence electrons for each molecule or ion is shown beneath the structure. remember hydrogen will not have more than two electrons. this hydrogen is part of a covalent bond (sharing two electrons). a double bond here would cause hydrogen to share four electrons with phosphorus.