Asystem is said to be in a state of dynamic equilibrium when the

a. concentration of products is greater than the concentration of reactants
b. concentration of products is the same as the concentration of reactants
c. rate at which products are formed is greater than the rate at which reactants are formed
d. rate at which products are formed is the same as the rate at which reactants are formed

The correct option is D.

Explanation:

Chemical equilibrium refers to a state in which the concentration of both reactants and products are present in concentration which shows no tendency of changing with time. At this point there is no observable changes in the system. The chemical equilibrium will change to dynamic equilibrium once a reversible reaction occurs. In this case, the ratio of reactants or product changes but there are movements between the chemicals in such a way that there is no net change. At dynamic equilibrium, reactant and products are formed in a rate that keep the concentration of both constant.

answer: option (4) is the correct answer.

explanation:

areas which are at low altitudes and near the equator tend to receive direct sunlight from the sun. hence, heat energy or radiations from the sun make these areas warmer and they have warmest water.

whereas areas which are at high altitudes and away from the equator do no receive direct sunlight. hence, no direct contact from the sun makes these regions colder and thus, they have colder water.

thus, we can conclude that the statement areas at low latitudes near the equator have the warmest water because they receive the most direct sunlight best explains the relationship between an area's geography and the temperature of its surface water.