What particle controls the energy of an atom

Question: What particle controls the energy of an atom?

The strong force counteracts the tendency of the positively-charged protons to repel each other. It also hold together the quarks that make up the protons and neutrons. (NOTE: In addition to electrons and quarks physicists have identified a number of other subatomic particles.)

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1 a

2 d

3 a

4 c

explanation: