Differentiate between alpha and beta and gamma rays

Alpha particles are energetic (fast) helium nuclei, beta particles are smaller and have half the charge, being energetic electrons (or positrons) only the gamma particles are photons, i.e., they are not massive particles at all, they are a form of electromagnetic radiation, a form more energetic than X-rays

ca has a crystalline lattice with positive ions (since it is a metal, metals are positively charged) and electrons flow freely in its structure since the ca atoms have a large nuclear radius so the electrons are not tightly held, therefore the electrons can flow freely since they are not being highly attracted by the nucleus. moreover, one of the properties of metals are that they are conductors of electricity, thus proving ca is the element.

a chemical change results in a new substance being formed; whereas a physical change will result in a different state of matter

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