21. (bonus)which of the following species is more likely to be an electrophile, and which a nucleophile? could any of these be both electrophilic and nucleophilic? if so, which? write the letter of the species in the correct blank(s). note: it may be to draw the lewis structures of each species to better determine the answer. a) nh4 d) ch3nh2 electrophilic? b) ch3oh e) h30* nucleophilic? c) cn f) oh both?

a) NH₄⁺ - Electrophile

b) CH₃OH - Nucleophile

c) CN⁻ - Nucleophile

d) CH₃NH₂ - both

e) H₃O⁺ - Electrophile

Explanation:

A nucleophile will have electrons capable of attacking a positive or partially positive atom. Therefore, the higher the electronic density, the better the specie will act as a nucleophile. Both CH₃OH and CN⁻ have high electronic density are likely to be nucleophiles.

An electrophile will have lack electronic density, having more positively charged atoms. Both NH₄⁺  and H₃O⁺ are positively charged and are likely to be electrophiles.

CH₃NH₂ has a more positive carbon and a more negative nitrogen. Therefore, this moleculecould act both as a nucleophile and as an electrophile.

The figure attached shows the lewis structure of the species.

the positions which points up in upward carbon and down in downward carbon are axial

and vice versa holds true for equatorial positions

so the correct answer with labelled diagram will be