10 000 kg/hr of a 5% salt in water solution is fed to a desalination unit where the salt is removed from the water to produce fresh water and brine. the desalinated water is to contain no more than 500 ppm salt. the brine (salt solution) waste from the process contains 7.25 % salt. to optimize the process, some of the brine waste is recycled to the process. after mixing with the fresh feed, the process input contains 6% salt. 6.1 draw a flow diagram of the process. (8) 6.2 calculate the flowrates of the brine, desalinated water and recycle streams

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explanation:

substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon:

- the single bond remains single. a is wrong.

- the bond with hydrogen is as strong as with a halogen. c is wrong

- a hydrocarbon is saturated if there is no double bond. we do not know that so d is wrong.

- carbon will always have four valence electrons. e is wrong.

by elimination, the correct answer is b. the boiling point of the new compound increases.

answer : (a) volume of the gas = 8.67 ×   l

                (b) second virial coefficient b = -1.21226 l/mole

solution :   given,     t = 300k

                                p = 20atm

                                z = 0.86

                                n = 8.2 mmoles = 8.2 × moles

                                r =   0.082 l atm/k/mol

        find,     (a) volume of gas   and (b) second virial coefficient b at 300k.

formula used :            

                          and            

(a)            

                    = \times 0.082\times 300}{20}[/tex]

                    = 8.67 ×   l

(b)      

                    = (0.00867-1) × 8.659

                    = - 8.5839 l/mole