14. an enzyme-catalyzed reaction was carried out with the substrate concentration initially a thousand times greater than the km for that substrate. after 9 minutes, 1% of the substrate had been converted to product, and the amount of product formed in the reaction mixture was 12 mol. if, in a separate experiment, one-third as much enzyme and twice as much substrate had been combined, how long would it take for the same amount (12 mol) of product to be formed?

27 min

Explanation:

The kinetics of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction can be determined by the equation of Michaelis-Menten:

Where v is the velocity in the equilibrium, vmax is the maximum velocity of the reaction (which is directed proportionally of the amount of the enzyme), Km is the equilibrium constant and [S] is the concentration of the substrate.

So, initially, the velocity of the formation of the substrate is 12μmol/9min = 1.33 μmol/min

If Km is a thousand times smaller then [S], then

v = vmax[S]/[S]

v = vmax

vmax = 1.33 μmol/min

For the new experiment, with one-third of the enzyme, the maximum velocity must be one third too, so:

vmax = 1.33/3 = 0.443 μmol/min

Km will still be much smaller then [S], so

v = vmax

v = 0.443 μmol/min

For 12 μmol formed:

0.443 = 12/t

t = 12/0.443

t = 27 min

it is stable as it is in group 0 which have full outer shells of electrons