Acharacteristic common to both diffusion and active transport is that

A characteristic common to both diffusion and active transport is that  the movement of molecules occurs (option 4)

Explanation:

Diffusion is the movement of atoms from a region of greater concentration to one of lower concentration through a cell membrane that is selective permeable and has proteins that allow transport. Then the concentration gradient is the measure of the difference in the concentration of a substance in two regions. The diffusion rate is directly proportional to the size of the concentration gradient, that is, the higher the concentration gradient, the greater the diffusion rate.

On the other hand, active transport is similar to diffusion. But that process requires an energy expenditure to transport the molecule from one side of the membrane to the other because the active transport is the only one that can transport molecules against a concentration gradient, that is, from regions of low concentration to those of high concentration.  Active transport uses energy generally obtained from ATP hydrolysis.

Finally, a characteristic common to both diffusion and active transport is that  the movement of molecules occurs

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